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1. B. 'GUNZ BURG. RAILWAY PASSENGER GAR.

No. 544,892. Patented Aug. 20, 1895.

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I. B. GUNZBURG.

RAILWAY PASSENGER CAR.

No. 544,892. Patented Aug. 20, 1895.

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ISAAC BER GUNZBURG, OF ST. PETERSBURG, RUSSIA.

RAILWAY PASSEN G ER-CAR.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 544,892, dated August 20, 1895.

Application filed November 8,1892. Serial No. 451,340- (No model.)

To all whom it may concern.

Be it known that I, ISAAC BER GiiNzBURc, a subject of the Emperor of Russia, residing at St. Petersburg, Russia, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Railway Passenger-Cars, adapted for sleeping without diminishing the number of places, of which the following is a specification.

The hereinafter-described new-type railway-car adapted for sleeping offers the advantage that it contains the like number of places for passengers as the ordinary nonsleeping car of the same dimensions, all places being adapted for sleeping comfortably.

In the annexed drawings, Figure 1 shows the plan of the new-type car; Fig. 2, a longitudinal section on the line A B CD; Fig. 3,

a cross-section on the line E F G H; Figs. 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, and 10, details of construction.

In Fig. 1 the lower half represents the plan of the lower range, and the upper half that of the upper range.

I and III, in Figs. 1, 2, and 3, show the aspect of the car in day-time, and II and IV its aspect in the night.

In Fig. 1, III shows the rods placed near the ceiling in day-time.

The car represented in the drawings is provided in the middle with a longitudinal passage, on either side of which are arranged short two-seated benches. The benches are placed so that every two benches face each other, with a space between them, and each pair of benches form a separate compartment for four passengers-two on each bench. The

compartments on either side of the passen;

gers are separated from each other by partitions reaching either up to the ceiling or a little lower. In the latter case only the end posts reach to the ceiling, as shown in the drawings. The followingspecification refers to one such compartment, they being all alike.

On the bench at are placed the boards b and b, the, surfaces of which have a hollow on top and are level underneath, and which are connected with the same by hinges 0. When the boards I) and b are turned on their hinges they shut up the space between the benches, and the free ends of the boards place themselves on the border of the opposite bench c. The freeends ofthe mobile boards I) and I) (See the are provided with curvilineal edges.

L line 6 e, Fig. 4.) Of a similar profile is the edge of the opposite bench 0, so that when the boards I) and b are turned over the top sides of the bench at, of the boards I) and b, and of the bench cformone horizontal surface. The space between the partitions or the breadth of the compartment, composed of two places and the space between them, is such as to permit a man to lie down. Thus, when the boards I) and b, which, in day-time lying on the benches a serve as seats, are turned over, two sleeping places, disposed across the compartment, for two passengers, of the compartment, are formed.

Two separate boards I) and b'are employed in order that one passenger can lie down while the other remains sitting.

For greater comfort one side of the compartment is provided with an eminence, serving as a pillow. For this purpose on one of the partitions of the compartment are suspended below, on hinges 0', two short boards m and m, connected by means of hinges with the boards at and n, which are placed behind the former. In day-time't'. 6., when the passengers wish to sit-these boards are pressed against the partitions by the cramps o, and at night they are turned over, so as to form an inclinedsurface, serving as pillow, Fig. 5.

The concavity or hollow in the boards 19 and b and in the bench c render sitting more comfortable and does not hinder comfortable lying down in the night when the sleeping places are prepared, as the said concavity of the boards I) and b, when they are turned over, is underneath, and the concavity of the bench c is covered by the pillows m n and m n, as shown by Fig.'2.

The turning-boards b and 1), instead of placing themselves on the border of the bench 0, can place themselves on a special slide-bar n fixed underneath the board 0, as shown in Fig. 6. The height of the boards I) and b from the floor in day-time exceeds that of the bench c in measure of the thickness of the board b. This small difference in height is even an advantage, as the passengers can choose at pleasure a higher or lower seat.

For the other two benches of the compartments two sleeping-places are established in the second range. partitions of the compartment, on a horizontal For this purpose, on both i IOO beam placed therein, are suspended by the hinges two boards 61 and d. Their length is such that when they are lifted to horizontal position their upper sides form one horizontal level surface, leaving a small space between the ends of the boards cl.

The suspended boards cl and d are kept in horizontal position on the front side, next to the central passage, by vertical rodsf and f, and behind, next to the side of the car, by the pivoting-rods g for the hind boards 01 and by the slide-bars h for the front boards 01. One end of the vertical rods f and f is fixed to the ceiling by screws and nuts, and the other, ending in a hook, is in day-time hung at the ceiling, Fig. 1, and at night fixed to the free ends of the boards, taking hold of them underneath, Fig. 7. The pivotingrods g are placed in a recess made in the side of the car near the window and pivoted on a horizontal axis till they reach a horizontal position. The slide-bars it move in bent plates '5, fixed underneath the boards d. The plates 1' are fixed underneath the boards d. The plates 2' are fixed to the boards d by bolts, and besides are held by the vertical rods f, as shown particularlyin Fig. 7. After lifting the two opposite hind boards 02 next to the side of the car the same are placed horizontally by means of the rods f and g. Thereupon the two opposite front boards d next to the central passage are lifted and fixed horizontally by means of the rods f and it. Thus, when the boards 01 and d are lifted an upper range with a horizontal surface is formed, where the other two passengers of the-same compartment can lie down across the compartment exactly as in the lower range.

Two separate boards 01 and d are employed for the sake that in case only one of the passengers wishes to lie down on the upper range he only wants to lift the boards facing each other next to the side of the car.

In the upper range, as well as in the lower, when preparing the sleeping-places the pillows m n and m 'n are likewise prepared at the same time.

The suspended boards 01 and cl when lifted and fixed horizontally, are at all their ends supported from below. When the weight on top is increased the rods f and f still stronger press the plates i against the lower side of the boards, whereby the stability of the upper range is still increased. f and f at the same time protect the passenger lying at the free ends from falling down from the upper range.

To prevent shaking of the suspended boards d and d in day-time the hooks w are provided, which press them against the partitions.

Rods can be used for the suspended boards only on one side of the compartment, the 0pposite boards being supported by the first, either placing themselves directly on their border, as in the lower range, or on the projections of iron bars fixed to them underneath,

The vertical rods or for greater security on the one and the other at the same time, as shown in Fig. 8.

For facilitating the ascension to the upper range the ironstep it is provided at the end of the bench, which at the same time serves as an elbow-piece, and the cramp Z at the front edge of the partition. The latter is taken hold of when going up.

For ascension to the upper range, when only one sleeping-place there is prepared-HZ. 6., when the boards facing each other next to the side of the car alone are lifteda step is used, placed behind thesuspended board at and turning on a horizontal or vertical axis.

Particular facility is obtained by use of a step constructed as follows, Figs. 3 and 9: In the middle of the partition is placed vertically a wooden post or beam, serving at the same time as support for the horizontal beam on which are hung the suspended boards. In a vertical cavity made in this beam is sunk an oblong plate p, connected by a hinge with the edge of the plate q. The plate (1 is fixed by bolts to the beam, and the plate p turns down on a hinge, forming a step. With the free end of the plate 19 is connected by a hinge the prop r, the lower end of which is placed in the casing s. The front side of this casing is provided with a vertical slit, whose width is a little larger than the breadth of the prop. It is thinner than the prop, the lower end of which is provided with the projections t, placed inside the casing. The hind side of the casing has an inclined position. This whole contriv'ance is sunk in the beam in such a manner that the front sides of the prop and of the casing are on one vertical level with the front side of the beam. The plate to, which turns on a vertical axis, keeps the prop r and, together with it, the step 19 in vertical position. Then the plate a is turned, the prop r descends by its own weight, drawing along with it the step 10. The lower end of the prop,kept by the projections 25 inside the casing, slides in the latter and bears against its bottom, in consequence whereof the step takes the wanted horizontal position. A step of such construction offers the advantage that a passenger can easily arrange the same without any help, not alone when ascending to the upper range, but also for descending. It only wants turning the plate a, placed near the upper range, and the step is ready.

Instead of a wooden beam an iron vertical post can be used, in which case the construction of the step is as follows, Fig. 10: On the vertical post L, having an enlarged lower part L, is set the muff B, with the step and sup portj fixed to the same. The muff is provided below with two notches (1* and the lower cylinder is provided on top with the corresponding projections E. hen one wishes to ascend to the upper range the step is turned so that the notches d place themselves opposite the projections E, the muff descends, bearing on the widened part of the post, and then the step cannot turn in any direction. In both cases the step is covered in day-time by the suspended board d, and does in no Way hinder comfortable sitting.

The shelves f or, instead thereof, hooks for the luggage, are fixed at the partition or the sides of the car.

I claim as my invention 1. In combination in a sleeping car, the upper suspended boards (1 d forming the upper couches or berths and the means for holding the same firmly consisting of the hanging' rods ff, said boards having the incisions or sockets and the iron plates 1' about said incisions, substantially as described.

2. In combination in a sleeping car, the upper and lower berths, said upper berth comprising the short suspended boards 01 (1 form in g two separate upper couches, said boards resting upon each other at their edges, substantially as described.

3. In combination in a sleeping car, the partition comprising the vertical beams and the step as having the ring B adapted to turn thereon, said ring having the notches d at the bottom adapted to engage the projections E on the beam when the step is turned around for use, said stop being turned when not in use against the partitions, substantially as described.

4:- In combination, in a sleeping car, the upper berths composed of boards cl 01,61 (1 hinged to the section partitions the suspending bars ff for the pairs of hinged boards (1 01' respectively, having hooked lower ends engagin g the front or outer edges of the said boards, the pivoting rods g secured to' the car sides for engaging and supporting the inner pair of boards, the slide bars 7?. for supporting the inner edge of the outer pair of boards from the outer edge of the inner pair and the plates 2' for holding and guiding the slide bars, said plates serving also as wear plates for the lower hooked ends of the suspending rods, substantially as described.

In testimony whereof I have signed my name to this specification in the presence of two subscribing witnesses.

ISAAC BER GUNZBURG. WVitnesses:

N. TSCHEKALOFF, J. FLIERLING. 

